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go-zero/doc/goctl-model-sql.md

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# Goctl Model
goctl model 为go-zero下的工具模块中的组件之一目前支持识别mysql ddl进行model层代码生成通过命令行或者idea插件即将支持可以有选择地生成带redis cache或者不带redis cache的代码逻辑。
# 快速开始
* 通过ddl生成
```shell script
$ goctl model mysql ddl -src="./sql/user.sql" -dir="./sql/model" -c=true
```
执行上述命令后即可快速生成CURD代码。
```
model
│   ├── error.go
│   └── usermodel.go
```
* 通过datasource生成
```shell script
$ goctl model mysql datasource -url="user:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/database" -table="table1,table2" -dir="./model"
```
* 生成代码示例
``` go
package model
import (
"database/sql"
"fmt"
"strings"
"time"
"github.com/tal-tech/go-zero/core/stores/cache"
"github.com/tal-tech/go-zero/core/stores/sqlc"
"github.com/tal-tech/go-zero/core/stores/sqlx"
"github.com/tal-tech/go-zero/core/stringx"
"github.com/tal-tech/go-zero/tools/goctl/model/sql/builderx"
)
var (
userFieldNames = builderx.FieldNames(&User{})
userRows = strings.Join(userFieldNames, ",")
userRowsExpectAutoSet = strings.Join(stringx.Remove(userFieldNames, "id", "create_time", "update_time"), ",")
userRowsWithPlaceHolder = strings.Join(stringx.Remove(userFieldNames, "id", "create_time", "update_time"), "=?,") + "=?"
cacheUserMobilePrefix = "cache#User#mobile#"
cacheUserIdPrefix = "cache#User#id#"
cacheUserNamePrefix = "cache#User#name#"
)
type (
UserModel struct {
sqlc.CachedConn
table string
}
User struct {
Id int64 `db:"id"`
Name string `db:"name"` // 用户名称
Password string `db:"password"` // 用户密码
Mobile string `db:"mobile"` // 手机号
Gender string `db:"gender"` // 男|女|未公开
Nickname string `db:"nickname"` // 用户昵称
CreateTime time.Time `db:"create_time"`
UpdateTime time.Time `db:"update_time"`
}
)
func NewUserModel(conn sqlx.SqlConn, c cache.CacheConf, table string) *UserModel {
return &UserModel{
CachedConn: sqlc.NewConn(conn, c),
table: table,
}
}
func (m *UserModel) Insert(data User) (sql.Result, error) {
query := `insert into ` + m.table + `(` + userRowsExpectAutoSet + `) value (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`
return m.ExecNoCache(query, data.Name, data.Password, data.Mobile, data.Gender, data.Nickname)
}
func (m *UserModel) FindOne(id int64) (*User, error) {
userIdKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserIdPrefix, id)
var resp User
err := m.QueryRow(&resp, userIdKey, func(conn sqlx.SqlConn, v interface{}) error {
query := `select ` + userRows + ` from ` + m.table + ` where id = ? limit 1`
return conn.QueryRow(v, query, id)
})
switch err {
case nil:
return &resp, nil
case sqlc.ErrNotFound:
return nil, ErrNotFound
default:
return nil, err
}
}
func (m *UserModel) FindOneByName(name string) (*User, error) {
userNameKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserNamePrefix, name)
var resp User
err := m.QueryRowIndex(&resp, userNameKey, func(primary interface{}) string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserIdPrefix, primary)
}, func(conn sqlx.SqlConn, v interface{}) (i interface{}, e error) {
query := `select ` + userRows + ` from ` + m.table + ` where name = ? limit 1`
if err := conn.QueryRow(&resp, query, name); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return resp.Id, nil
}, func(conn sqlx.SqlConn, v, primary interface{}) error {
query := `select ` + userRows + ` from ` + m.table + ` where id = ? limit 1`
return conn.QueryRow(v, query, primary)
})
switch err {
case nil:
return &resp, nil
case sqlc.ErrNotFound:
return nil, ErrNotFound
default:
return nil, err
}
}
func (m *UserModel) FindOneByMobile(mobile string) (*User, error) {
userMobileKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserMobilePrefix, mobile)
var resp User
err := m.QueryRowIndex(&resp, userMobileKey, func(primary interface{}) string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserIdPrefix, primary)
}, func(conn sqlx.SqlConn, v interface{}) (i interface{}, e error) {
query := `select ` + userRows + ` from ` + m.table + ` where mobile = ? limit 1`
if err := conn.QueryRow(&resp, query, mobile); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return resp.Id, nil
}, func(conn sqlx.SqlConn, v, primary interface{}) error {
query := `select ` + userRows + ` from ` + m.table + ` where id = ? limit 1`
return conn.QueryRow(v, query, primary)
})
switch err {
case nil:
return &resp, nil
case sqlc.ErrNotFound:
return nil, ErrNotFound
default:
return nil, err
}
}
func (m *UserModel) Update(data User) error {
userIdKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserIdPrefix, data.Id)
_, err := m.Exec(func(conn sqlx.SqlConn) (result sql.Result, err error) {
query := `update ` + m.table + ` set ` + userRowsWithPlaceHolder + ` where id = ?`
return conn.Exec(query, data.Name, data.Password, data.Mobile, data.Gender, data.Nickname, data.Id)
}, userIdKey)
return err
}
func (m *UserModel) Delete(id int64) error {
data, err := m.FindOne(id)
if err != nil {
return err
}
userIdKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserIdPrefix, id)
userNameKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserNamePrefix, data.Name)
userMobileKey := fmt.Sprintf("%s%v", cacheUserMobilePrefix, data.Mobile)
_, err = m.Exec(func(conn sqlx.SqlConn) (result sql.Result, err error) {
query := `delete from ` + m.table + ` where id = ?`
return conn.Exec(query, id)
}, userIdKey, userNameKey, userMobileKey)
return err
}
```
# 用法
```
$ goctl model mysql -h
```
```
NAME:
goctl model mysql - generate mysql model"
USAGE:
goctl model mysql command [command options] [arguments...]
COMMANDS:
ddl generate mysql model from ddl"
datasource generate model from datasource"
OPTIONS:
--help, -h show help
```
# 生成规则
* 默认规则
我们默认用户在建表时会创建createTime、updateTime字段(忽略大小写、下划线命名风格)且默认值均为`CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`而updateTime支持`ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP`,对于这两个字段生成`insert`、`update`时会被移除,不在赋值范畴内,当然,如果你不需要这两个字段那也无大碍。
* 带缓存模式
* ddl
```shell script
$ goctl model mysql -src={filename} -dir={dir} -cache=true
```
* datasource
```shell script
$ goctl model mysql datasource -url={datasource} -table={tables} -dir={dir} -cache=true
```
目前仅支持redis缓存如果选择带缓存模式即生成的`FindOne(ByXxx)`&`Delete`代码会生成带缓存逻辑的代码目前仅支持单索引字段除全文索引外对于联合索引我们默认认为不需要带缓存且不属于通用型代码因此没有放在代码生成行列如example中user表中的`id`、`name`、`mobile`字段均属于单字段索引。
* 不带缓存模式
* ddl
```shell script
$ goctl model -src={filename} -dir={dir}
```
* datasource
```shell script
$ goctl model mysql datasource -url={datasource} -table={tables} -dir={dir}
```
or
* ddl
```shell script
$ goctl model -src={filename} -dir={dir} -cache=false
```
* datasource
```shell script
$ goctl model mysql datasource -url={datasource} -table={tables} -dir={dir} -cache=false
```
生成代码仅基本的CURD结构。
# 缓存
对于缓存这一块我选择用一问一答的形式进行罗列。我想这样能够更清晰的描述model中缓存的功能。
* 缓存会缓存哪些信息?
对于主键字段缓存,会缓存整个结构体信息,而对于单索引字段(除全文索引)则缓存主键字段值。
* 数据有更新(`update`)操作会清空缓存吗?
但仅清空主键缓存的信息why这里就不做详细赘述了。
* 为什么不按照单索引字段生成`updateByXxx`和`deleteByXxx`的代码?
理论上是没任何问题但是我们认为对于model层的数据操作均是以整个结构体为单位包括查询我不建议只查询某部分字段不反对否则我们的缓存就没有意义了。
* 为什么不支持`findPageLimit`、`findAll`这么模式代码生层?
目前我认为除了基本的CURD外其他的代码均属于<i>业务型</i>代码,这个我觉得开发人员根据业务需要进行编写更好。
# QA
* goctl model除了命令行模式支持插件模式吗
很快支持idea插件。