From ac321fc146c47a978738d758057ac0a04e0b2b98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kevin Wan <wanjunfeng@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 3 May 2022 17:34:26 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] feat: add fields with logx methods, support using third party
 logging libs. (#1847)

* backup

* simplify

* chore: remove unused pool

* chore: fix lint errors

* chore: use strings.Builder instead of bytes.Buffer

* test: add more tests

* chore: fix reviewdog

* test: fix data race

* feat: make logger customizable

* chore: fix reviewdog

* test: fix fails

* chore: fix set writer twice

* chore: use context instead of golang.org context

* chore: specify uint32 for level types
---
 core/logx/durationlogger.go      |  93 +++---
 core/logx/durationlogger_test.go | 136 ++++++--
 core/logx/lesslogger_test.go     |  17 +-
 core/logx/logger.go              |  38 +++
 core/logx/logs.go                | 538 ++++++++-----------------------
 core/logx/logs_test.go           | 364 ++++++++++++++-------
 core/logx/logwriter.go           |  22 ++
 core/logx/rotatelogger_test.go   |   7 +
 core/logx/syslog_test.go         |   8 +-
 core/logx/tracelogger.go         | 112 ++++---
 core/logx/tracelogger_test.go    | 157 +++++----
 core/logx/util.go                |  36 +++
 core/logx/util_test.go           |  72 +++++
 core/logx/vars.go                |  60 ++++
 core/logx/writer.go              | 320 ++++++++++++++++++
 core/logx/writer_test.go         | 170 ++++++++++
 core/proc/goroutines_test.go     |  11 +-
 core/proc/profile_test.go        |  12 +-
 core/stores/redis/hook_test.go   |  53 +--
 rest/internal/log_test.go        |  17 +-
 zrpc/internal/rpclogger_test.go  |  98 +++---
 21 files changed, 1550 insertions(+), 791 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 core/logx/logger.go
 create mode 100644 core/logx/logwriter.go
 create mode 100644 core/logx/util.go
 create mode 100644 core/logx/util_test.go
 create mode 100644 core/logx/vars.go
 create mode 100644 core/logx/writer.go
 create mode 100644 core/logx/writer_test.go

diff --git a/core/logx/durationlogger.go b/core/logx/durationlogger.go
index 7108a939..bf51d342 100644
--- a/core/logx/durationlogger.go
+++ b/core/logx/durationlogger.go
@@ -1,18 +1,13 @@
 package logx
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/timex"
 )
 
-const durationCallerDepth = 3
-
-type durationLogger logEntry
-
 // WithDuration returns a Logger which logs the given duration.
 func WithDuration(d time.Duration) Logger {
 	return &durationLogger{
@@ -20,57 +15,62 @@ func WithDuration(d time.Duration) Logger {
 	}
 }
 
+type durationLogger logEntry
+
 func (l *durationLogger) Error(v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(errorLog, levelError, formatWithCaller(fmt.Sprint(v...), durationCallerDepth))
-	}
+	l.err(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Errorf(format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(errorLog, levelError, formatWithCaller(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...), durationCallerDepth))
-	}
+	l.err(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Errorv(v interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(errorLog, levelError, v)
-	}
+	l.err(v)
+}
+
+func (l *durationLogger) Errorw(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	l.err(msg, fields...)
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Info(v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		l.write(infoLog, levelInfo, fmt.Sprint(v...))
-	}
+	l.info(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Infof(format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		l.write(infoLog, levelInfo, fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
-	}
+	l.info(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Infov(v interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		l.write(infoLog, levelInfo, v)
-	}
+	l.info(v)
+}
+
+func (l *durationLogger) Infow(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	l.info(msg, fields...)
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Slow(v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(slowLog, levelSlow, fmt.Sprint(v...))
-	}
+	l.slow(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Slowf(format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(slowLog, levelSlow, fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
-	}
+	l.slow(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
 }
 
 func (l *durationLogger) Slowv(v interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(slowLog, levelSlow, v)
+	l.slow(v)
+}
+
+func (l *durationLogger) Sloww(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	l.slow(msg, fields...)
+}
+
+func (l *durationLogger) WithContext(ctx context.Context) Logger {
+	return &traceLogger{
+		ctx: ctx,
+		logEntry: logEntry{
+			Duration: l.Duration,
+		},
 	}
 }
 
@@ -79,16 +79,23 @@ func (l *durationLogger) WithDuration(duration time.Duration) Logger {
 	return l
 }
 
-func (l *durationLogger) write(writer io.Writer, level string, val interface{}) {
-	switch atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding) {
-	case plainEncodingType:
-		writePlainAny(writer, level, val, l.Duration)
-	default:
-		outputJson(writer, &durationLogger{
-			Timestamp: getTimestamp(),
-			Level:     level,
-			Content:   val,
-			Duration:  l.Duration,
-		})
+func (l *durationLogger) err(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		fields = append(fields, Field(durationKey, l.Duration))
+		getWriter().Error(v, fields...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *durationLogger) info(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
+		fields = append(fields, Field(durationKey, l.Duration))
+		getWriter().Info(v, fields...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *durationLogger) slow(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		fields = append(fields, Field(durationKey, l.Duration))
+		getWriter().Slow(v, fields...)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/core/logx/durationlogger_test.go b/core/logx/durationlogger_test.go
index 4cebf448..b1f1af0d 100644
--- a/core/logx/durationlogger_test.go
+++ b/core/logx/durationlogger_test.go
@@ -1,41 +1,62 @@
 package logx
 
 import (
-	"log"
+	"context"
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
+	sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
 )
 
 func TestWithDurationError(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Error("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationErrorf(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Errorf("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationErrorv(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Errorv("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
+}
+
+func TestWithDurationErrorw(t *testing.T) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	WithDuration(time.Second).Errorw("foo", Field("foo", "bar"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "foo"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "bar"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationInfo(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Info("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationInfoConsole(t *testing.T) {
@@ -45,43 +66,96 @@ func TestWithDurationInfoConsole(t *testing.T) {
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, old)
 	}()
 
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	o := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(o)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Info("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "ms"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "ms"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationInfof(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Infof("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationInfov(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Infov("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
+}
+
+func TestWithDurationInfow(t *testing.T) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	WithDuration(time.Second).Infow("foo", Field("foo", "bar"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "foo"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "bar"), w.String())
+}
+
+func TestWithDurationWithContextInfow(t *testing.T) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	otp := otel.GetTracerProvider()
+	tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(sdktrace.WithSampler(sdktrace.AlwaysSample()))
+	otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
+	defer otel.SetTracerProvider(otp)
+
+	ctx, _ := tp.Tracer("foo").Start(context.Background(), "bar")
+	WithDuration(time.Second).WithContext(ctx).Infow("foo", Field("foo", "bar"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "foo"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "bar"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "trace"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "span"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationSlow(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Slow("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationSlowf(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).WithDuration(time.Hour).Slowf("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestWithDurationSlowv(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).WithDuration(time.Hour).Slowv("foo")
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(builder.String(), "duration"), builder.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
+}
+
+func TestWithDurationSloww(t *testing.T) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	WithDuration(time.Second).WithDuration(time.Hour).Sloww("foo", Field("foo", "bar"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "duration"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "foo"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "bar"), w.String())
 }
diff --git a/core/logx/lesslogger_test.go b/core/logx/lesslogger_test.go
index 32f25fdb..3d615753 100644
--- a/core/logx/lesslogger_test.go
+++ b/core/logx/lesslogger_test.go
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package logx
 
 import (
-	"log"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -9,23 +8,27 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestLessLogger_Error(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	l := NewLessLogger(500)
 	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
 		l.Error("hello")
 	}
 
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(builder.String(), "\n"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(w.String(), "\n"))
 }
 
 func TestLessLogger_Errorf(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	l := NewLessLogger(500)
 	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
 		l.Errorf("hello")
 	}
 
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(builder.String(), "\n"))
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(w.String(), "\n"))
 }
diff --git a/core/logx/logger.go b/core/logx/logger.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2d48af47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/logx/logger.go
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package logx
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// A Logger represents a logger.
+type Logger interface {
+	// Error logs a message at error level.
+	Error(...interface{})
+	// Errorf logs a message at error level.
+	Errorf(string, ...interface{})
+	// Errorv logs a message at error level.
+	Errorv(interface{})
+	// Errorw logs a message at error level.
+	Errorw(string, ...LogField)
+	// Info logs a message at info level.
+	Info(...interface{})
+	// Infof logs a message at info level.
+	Infof(string, ...interface{})
+	// Infov logs a message at info level.
+	Infov(interface{})
+	// Infow logs a message at info level.
+	Infow(string, ...LogField)
+	// Slow logs a message at slow level.
+	Slow(...interface{})
+	// Slowf logs a message at slow level.
+	Slowf(string, ...interface{})
+	// Slowv logs a message at slow level.
+	Slowv(interface{})
+	// Sloww logs a message at slow level.
+	Sloww(string, ...LogField)
+	// WithContext returns a new logger with the given context.
+	WithContext(context.Context) Logger
+	// WithDuration returns a new logger with the given duration.
+	WithDuration(time.Duration) Logger
+}
diff --git a/core/logx/logs.go b/core/logx/logs.go
index 817dc513..23ec33f2 100644
--- a/core/logx/logs.go
+++ b/core/logx/logs.go
@@ -1,93 +1,29 @@
 package logx
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
 	"os"
 	"path"
-	"runtime"
 	"runtime/debug"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/iox"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/sysx"
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/timex"
 )
 
-const (
-	// InfoLevel logs everything
-	InfoLevel = iota
-	// ErrorLevel includes errors, slows, stacks
-	ErrorLevel
-	// SevereLevel only log severe messages
-	SevereLevel
-)
-
-const (
-	jsonEncodingType = iota
-	plainEncodingType
-
-	jsonEncoding     = "json"
-	plainEncoding    = "plain"
-	plainEncodingSep = '\t'
-)
-
-const (
-	accessFilename = "access.log"
-	errorFilename  = "error.log"
-	severeFilename = "severe.log"
-	slowFilename   = "slow.log"
-	statFilename   = "stat.log"
-
-	consoleMode = "console"
-	volumeMode  = "volume"
-
-	levelAlert  = "alert"
-	levelInfo   = "info"
-	levelError  = "error"
-	levelSevere = "severe"
-	levelFatal  = "fatal"
-	levelSlow   = "slow"
-	levelStat   = "stat"
-
-	backupFileDelimiter = "-"
-	callerInnerDepth    = 5
-	flags               = 0x0
-)
+const callerDepth = 5
 
 var (
-	// ErrLogPathNotSet is an error that indicates the log path is not set.
-	ErrLogPathNotSet = errors.New("log path must be set")
-	// ErrLogNotInitialized is an error that log is not initialized.
-	ErrLogNotInitialized = errors.New("log not initialized")
-	// ErrLogServiceNameNotSet is an error that indicates that the service name is not set.
-	ErrLogServiceNameNotSet = errors.New("log service name must be set")
-
-	timeFormat   = "2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z07:00"
-	writeConsole bool
-	logLevel     uint32
-	encoding     uint32 = jsonEncodingType
+	timeFormat = "2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z07:00"
+	logLevel   uint32
+	encoding   uint32 = jsonEncodingType
 	// use uint32 for atomic operations
 	disableStat uint32
-	infoLog     io.WriteCloser
-	errorLog    io.WriteCloser
-	severeLog   io.WriteCloser
-	slowLog     io.WriteCloser
-	statLog     io.WriteCloser
-	stackLog    io.Writer
-
-	once        sync.Once
-	initialized uint32
-	options     logOptions
+
+	options logOptions
+	writer  = new(atomicWriter)
 )
 
 type (
@@ -95,109 +31,37 @@ type (
 		Timestamp string      `json:"@timestamp"`
 		Level     string      `json:"level"`
 		Duration  string      `json:"duration,omitempty"`
+		Caller    string      `json:"caller,omitempty"`
 		Content   interface{} `json:"content"`
 	}
 
+	logEntryWithFields map[string]interface{}
+
 	logOptions struct {
 		gzipEnabled           bool
 		logStackCooldownMills int
 		keepDays              int
 	}
 
+	// LogField is a key-value pair that will be added to the log entry.
+	LogField struct {
+		Key   string
+		Value interface{}
+	}
+
 	// LogOption defines the method to customize the logging.
 	LogOption func(options *logOptions)
-
-	// A Logger represents a logger.
-	Logger interface {
-		Error(...interface{})
-		Errorf(string, ...interface{})
-		Errorv(interface{})
-		Info(...interface{})
-		Infof(string, ...interface{})
-		Infov(interface{})
-		Slow(...interface{})
-		Slowf(string, ...interface{})
-		Slowv(interface{})
-		WithDuration(time.Duration) Logger
-	}
 )
 
-// MustSetup sets up logging with given config c. It exits on error.
-func MustSetup(c LogConf) {
-	Must(SetUp(c))
-}
-
-// SetUp sets up the logx. If already set up, just return nil.
-// we allow SetUp to be called multiple times, because for example
-// we need to allow different service frameworks to initialize logx respectively.
-// the same logic for SetUp
-func SetUp(c LogConf) error {
-	if len(c.TimeFormat) > 0 {
-		timeFormat = c.TimeFormat
-	}
-	switch c.Encoding {
-	case plainEncoding:
-		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, plainEncodingType)
-	default:
-		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, jsonEncodingType)
-	}
-
-	switch c.Mode {
-	case consoleMode:
-		setupWithConsole(c)
-		return nil
-	case volumeMode:
-		return setupWithVolume(c)
-	default:
-		return setupWithFiles(c)
-	}
-}
-
 // Alert alerts v in alert level, and the message is written to error log.
 func Alert(v string) {
-	outputText(errorLog, levelAlert, v)
+	getWriter().Alert(v)
 }
 
 // Close closes the logging.
 func Close() error {
-	if writeConsole {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if atomic.LoadUint32(&initialized) == 0 {
-		return ErrLogNotInitialized
-	}
-
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 0)
-
-	if infoLog != nil {
-		if err := infoLog.Close(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if errorLog != nil {
-		if err := errorLog.Close(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if severeLog != nil {
-		if err := severeLog.Close(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if slowLog != nil {
-		if err := slowLog.Close(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if statLog != nil {
-		if err := statLog.Close(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+	if w := writer.Swap(nil); w != nil {
+		return w.(io.Closer).Close()
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -205,16 +69,7 @@ func Close() error {
 
 // Disable disables the logging.
 func Disable() {
-	once.Do(func() {
-		atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-
-		infoLog = iox.NopCloser(ioutil.Discard)
-		errorLog = iox.NopCloser(ioutil.Discard)
-		severeLog = iox.NopCloser(ioutil.Discard)
-		slowLog = iox.NopCloser(ioutil.Discard)
-		statLog = iox.NopCloser(ioutil.Discard)
-		stackLog = ioutil.Discard
-	})
+	writer.Store(nopWriter{})
 }
 
 // DisableStat disables the stat logs.
@@ -224,22 +79,12 @@ func DisableStat() {
 
 // Error writes v into error log.
 func Error(v ...interface{}) {
-	ErrorCaller(1, v...)
-}
-
-// ErrorCaller writes v with context into error log.
-func ErrorCaller(callDepth int, v ...interface{}) {
-	errorTextSync(fmt.Sprint(v...), callDepth+callerInnerDepth)
-}
-
-// ErrorCallerf writes v with context in format into error log.
-func ErrorCallerf(callDepth int, format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	errorTextSync(fmt.Errorf(format, v...).Error(), callDepth+callerInnerDepth)
+	errorTextSync(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 }
 
 // Errorf writes v with format into error log.
 func Errorf(format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	ErrorCallerf(1, format, v...)
+	errorTextSync(fmt.Errorf(format, v...).Error())
 }
 
 // ErrorStack writes v along with call stack into error log.
@@ -260,6 +105,21 @@ func Errorv(v interface{}) {
 	errorAnySync(v)
 }
 
+// Errorw writes msg along with fields into error log.
+func Errorw(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	errorFieldsSync(msg, fields...)
+}
+
+// Field returns a LogField for the given key and value.
+func Field(key string, value interface{}) LogField {
+	switch val := value.(type) {
+	case time.Duration:
+		return LogField{Key: key, Value: fmt.Sprint(val)}
+	default:
+		return LogField{Key: key, Value: val}
+	}
+}
+
 // Info writes v into access log.
 func Info(v ...interface{}) {
 	infoTextSync(fmt.Sprint(v...))
@@ -275,14 +135,32 @@ func Infov(v interface{}) {
 	infoAnySync(v)
 }
 
+// Infow writes msg along with fields into access log.
+func Infow(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	infoFieldsSync(msg, fields...)
+}
+
 // Must checks if err is nil, otherwise logs the error and exits.
 func Must(err error) {
-	if err != nil {
-		msg := formatWithCaller(err.Error(), 3)
-		log.Print(msg)
-		outputText(severeLog, levelFatal, msg)
-		os.Exit(1)
+	if err == nil {
+		return
 	}
+
+	msg := err.Error()
+	log.Print(msg)
+	getWriter().Severe(msg)
+	os.Exit(1)
+}
+
+// MustSetup sets up logging with given config c. It exits on error.
+func MustSetup(c LogConf) {
+	Must(SetUp(c))
+}
+
+// Reset clears the writer and resets the log level.
+func Reset() Writer {
+	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
+	return writer.Swap(nil)
 }
 
 // SetLevel sets the logging level. It can be used to suppress some logs.
@@ -290,6 +168,43 @@ func SetLevel(level uint32) {
 	atomic.StoreUint32(&logLevel, level)
 }
 
+// SetWriter sets the logging writer. It can be used to customize the logging.
+// Call Reset before calling SetWriter again.
+func SetWriter(w Writer) {
+	if writer.Load() == nil {
+		writer.Store(w)
+	}
+}
+
+// SetUp sets up the logx. If already set up, just return nil.
+// we allow SetUp to be called multiple times, because for example
+// we need to allow different service frameworks to initialize logx respectively.
+// the same logic for SetUp
+func SetUp(c LogConf) error {
+	setupLogLevel(c)
+
+	if len(c.TimeFormat) > 0 {
+		timeFormat = c.TimeFormat
+	}
+
+	switch c.Encoding {
+	case plainEncoding:
+		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, plainEncodingType)
+	default:
+		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, jsonEncodingType)
+	}
+
+	switch c.Mode {
+	case consoleMode:
+		setupWithConsole()
+		return nil
+	case volumeMode:
+		return setupWithVolume(c)
+	default:
+		return setupWithFiles(c)
+	}
+}
+
 // Severe writes v into severe log.
 func Severe(v ...interface{}) {
 	severeSync(fmt.Sprint(v...))
@@ -315,6 +230,11 @@ func Slowv(v interface{}) {
 	slowAnySync(v)
 }
 
+// Sloww writes msg along with fields into slow log.
+func Sloww(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	slowFieldsSync(msg, fields...)
+}
+
 // Stat writes v into stat log.
 func Stat(v ...interface{}) {
 	statSync(fmt.Sprint(v...))
@@ -357,52 +277,30 @@ func createOutput(path string) (io.WriteCloser, error) {
 
 func errorAnySync(v interface{}) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		outputAny(errorLog, levelError, v)
+		getWriter().Error(v)
 	}
 }
 
-func errorTextSync(msg string, callDepth int) {
+func errorFieldsSync(content string, fields ...LogField) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		outputError(errorLog, msg, callDepth)
+		getWriter().Error(content, fields...)
 	}
 }
 
-func formatWithCaller(msg string, callDepth int) string {
-	var buf strings.Builder
-
-	caller := getCaller(callDepth)
-	if len(caller) > 0 {
-		buf.WriteString(caller)
-		buf.WriteByte(' ')
+func errorTextSync(msg string) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		getWriter().Error(msg)
 	}
-
-	buf.WriteString(msg)
-
-	return buf.String()
 }
 
-func getCaller(callDepth int) string {
-	var buf strings.Builder
-
-	_, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(callDepth)
-	if ok {
-		short := file
-		for i := len(file) - 1; i > 0; i-- {
-			if file[i] == '/' {
-				short = file[i+1:]
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		buf.WriteString(short)
-		buf.WriteByte(':')
-		buf.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(line))
+func getWriter() Writer {
+	w := writer.Load()
+	if w == nil {
+		w = newConsoleWriter()
+		writer.Store(w)
 	}
 
-	return buf.String()
-}
-
-func getTimestamp() string {
-	return timex.Time().Format(timeFormat)
+	return w
 }
 
 func handleOptions(opts []LogOption) {
@@ -413,56 +311,19 @@ func handleOptions(opts []LogOption) {
 
 func infoAnySync(val interface{}) {
 	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		outputAny(infoLog, levelInfo, val)
+		getWriter().Info(val)
 	}
 }
 
-func infoTextSync(msg string) {
+func infoFieldsSync(content string, fields ...LogField) {
 	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		outputText(infoLog, levelInfo, msg)
+		getWriter().Info(content, fields...)
 	}
 }
 
-func outputAny(writer io.Writer, level string, val interface{}) {
-	switch atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding) {
-	case plainEncodingType:
-		writePlainAny(writer, level, val)
-	default:
-		info := logEntry{
-			Timestamp: getTimestamp(),
-			Level:     level,
-			Content:   val,
-		}
-		outputJson(writer, info)
-	}
-}
-
-func outputText(writer io.Writer, level, msg string) {
-	switch atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding) {
-	case plainEncodingType:
-		writePlainText(writer, level, msg)
-	default:
-		info := logEntry{
-			Timestamp: getTimestamp(),
-			Level:     level,
-			Content:   msg,
-		}
-		outputJson(writer, info)
-	}
-}
-
-func outputError(writer io.Writer, msg string, callDepth int) {
-	content := formatWithCaller(msg, callDepth)
-	outputText(writer, levelError, content)
-}
-
-func outputJson(writer io.Writer, info interface{}) {
-	if content, err := json.Marshal(info); err != nil {
-		log.Println(err.Error())
-	} else if atomic.LoadUint32(&initialized) == 0 || writer == nil {
-		log.Println(string(content))
-	} else {
-		writer.Write(append(content, '\n'))
+func infoTextSync(msg string) {
+	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
+		getWriter().Info(msg)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -477,72 +338,18 @@ func setupLogLevel(c LogConf) {
 	}
 }
 
-func setupWithConsole(c LogConf) {
-	once.Do(func() {
-		atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-		writeConsole = true
-		setupLogLevel(c)
-
-		infoLog = newLogWriter(log.New(os.Stdout, "", flags))
-		errorLog = newLogWriter(log.New(os.Stderr, "", flags))
-		severeLog = newLogWriter(log.New(os.Stderr, "", flags))
-		slowLog = newLogWriter(log.New(os.Stderr, "", flags))
-		stackLog = newLessWriter(errorLog, options.logStackCooldownMills)
-		statLog = infoLog
-	})
+func setupWithConsole() {
+	SetWriter(newConsoleWriter())
 }
 
 func setupWithFiles(c LogConf) error {
-	var opts []LogOption
-	var err error
-
-	if len(c.Path) == 0 {
-		return ErrLogPathNotSet
-	}
-
-	opts = append(opts, WithCooldownMillis(c.StackCooldownMillis))
-	if c.Compress {
-		opts = append(opts, WithGzip())
-	}
-	if c.KeepDays > 0 {
-		opts = append(opts, WithKeepDays(c.KeepDays))
+	w, err := newFileWriter(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
-	accessFile := path.Join(c.Path, accessFilename)
-	errorFile := path.Join(c.Path, errorFilename)
-	severeFile := path.Join(c.Path, severeFilename)
-	slowFile := path.Join(c.Path, slowFilename)
-	statFile := path.Join(c.Path, statFilename)
-
-	once.Do(func() {
-		atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-		handleOptions(opts)
-		setupLogLevel(c)
-
-		if infoLog, err = createOutput(accessFile); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		if errorLog, err = createOutput(errorFile); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		if severeLog, err = createOutput(severeFile); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		if slowLog, err = createOutput(slowFile); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		if statLog, err = createOutput(statFile); err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		stackLog = newLessWriter(errorLog, options.logStackCooldownMills)
-	})
-
-	return err
+	SetWriter(w)
+	return nil
 }
 
 func setupWithVolume(c LogConf) error {
@@ -556,7 +363,7 @@ func setupWithVolume(c LogConf) error {
 
 func severeSync(msg string) {
 	if shallLog(SevereLevel) {
-		outputText(severeLog, levelSevere, fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s", msg, string(debug.Stack())))
+		getWriter().Severe(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s", msg, string(debug.Stack())))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -570,99 +377,30 @@ func shallLogStat() bool {
 
 func slowAnySync(v interface{}) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		outputAny(slowLog, levelSlow, v)
+		getWriter().Slow(v)
+	}
+}
+
+func slowFieldsSync(content string, fields ...LogField) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		getWriter().Slow(content, fields...)
 	}
 }
 
 func slowTextSync(msg string) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		outputText(slowLog, levelSlow, msg)
+		getWriter().Slow(msg)
 	}
 }
 
 func stackSync(msg string) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		outputText(stackLog, levelError, fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s", msg, string(debug.Stack())))
+		getWriter().Stack(fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s", msg, string(debug.Stack())))
 	}
 }
 
 func statSync(msg string) {
 	if shallLogStat() && shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		outputText(statLog, levelStat, msg)
+		getWriter().Stat(msg)
 	}
 }
-
-func writePlainAny(writer io.Writer, level string, val interface{}, fields ...string) {
-	switch v := val.(type) {
-	case string:
-		writePlainText(writer, level, v, fields...)
-	case error:
-		writePlainText(writer, level, v.Error(), fields...)
-	case fmt.Stringer:
-		writePlainText(writer, level, v.String(), fields...)
-	default:
-		var buf bytes.Buffer
-		buf.WriteString(getTimestamp())
-		buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
-		buf.WriteString(level)
-		for _, item := range fields {
-			buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
-			buf.WriteString(item)
-		}
-		buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
-		if err := json.NewEncoder(&buf).Encode(val); err != nil {
-			log.Println(err.Error())
-			return
-		}
-		buf.WriteByte('\n')
-		if atomic.LoadUint32(&initialized) == 0 || writer == nil {
-			log.Println(buf.String())
-			return
-		}
-
-		if _, err := writer.Write(buf.Bytes()); err != nil {
-			log.Println(err.Error())
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func writePlainText(writer io.Writer, level, msg string, fields ...string) {
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	buf.WriteString(getTimestamp())
-	buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
-	buf.WriteString(level)
-	for _, item := range fields {
-		buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
-		buf.WriteString(item)
-	}
-	buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
-	buf.WriteString(msg)
-	buf.WriteByte('\n')
-	if atomic.LoadUint32(&initialized) == 0 || writer == nil {
-		log.Println(buf.String())
-		return
-	}
-
-	if _, err := writer.Write(buf.Bytes()); err != nil {
-		log.Println(err.Error())
-	}
-}
-
-type logWriter struct {
-	logger *log.Logger
-}
-
-func newLogWriter(logger *log.Logger) logWriter {
-	return logWriter{
-		logger: logger,
-	}
-}
-
-func (lw logWriter) Close() error {
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (lw logWriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
-	lw.logger.Print(string(data))
-	return len(data), nil
-}
diff --git a/core/logx/logs_test.go b/core/logx/logs_test.go
index 7ab86c52..36cfef2d 100644
--- a/core/logx/logs_test.go
+++ b/core/logx/logs_test.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"log"
 	"os"
@@ -19,8 +18,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	s    = []byte("Sending #11 notification (id: 1451875113812010473) in #1 connection")
-	pool = make(chan []byte, 1)
+	s           = []byte("Sending #11 notification (id: 1451875113812010473) in #1 connection")
+	pool        = make(chan []byte, 1)
+	_    Writer = (*mockWriter)(nil)
 )
 
 type mockWriter struct {
@@ -28,10 +28,46 @@ type mockWriter struct {
 	builder strings.Builder
 }
 
-func (mw *mockWriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
+func (mw *mockWriter) Alert(v interface{}) {
 	mw.lock.Lock()
 	defer mw.lock.Unlock()
-	return mw.builder.Write(data)
+	output(&mw.builder, levelAlert, v)
+}
+
+func (mw *mockWriter) Error(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	mw.lock.Lock()
+	defer mw.lock.Unlock()
+	output(&mw.builder, levelError, v, fields...)
+}
+
+func (mw *mockWriter) Info(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	mw.lock.Lock()
+	defer mw.lock.Unlock()
+	output(&mw.builder, levelInfo, v, fields...)
+}
+
+func (mw *mockWriter) Severe(v interface{}) {
+	mw.lock.Lock()
+	defer mw.lock.Unlock()
+	output(&mw.builder, levelSevere, v)
+}
+
+func (mw *mockWriter) Slow(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	mw.lock.Lock()
+	defer mw.lock.Unlock()
+	output(&mw.builder, levelSlow, v, fields...)
+}
+
+func (mw *mockWriter) Stack(v interface{}) {
+	mw.lock.Lock()
+	defer mw.lock.Unlock()
+	output(&mw.builder, levelError, v)
+}
+
+func (mw *mockWriter) Stat(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	mw.lock.Lock()
+	defer mw.lock.Unlock()
+	output(&mw.builder, levelStat, v, fields...)
 }
 
 func (mw *mockWriter) Close() error {
@@ -57,94 +93,130 @@ func (mw *mockWriter) String() string {
 }
 
 func TestFileLineFileMode(t *testing.T) {
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	errorLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	file, line := getFileLine()
 	Error("anything")
-	assert.True(t, writer.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
+	assert.True(t, w.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
 
-	writer.Reset()
 	file, line = getFileLine()
 	Errorf("anything %s", "format")
-	assert.True(t, writer.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
+	assert.True(t, w.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
 }
 
 func TestFileLineConsoleMode(t *testing.T) {
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	writeConsole = true
-	errorLog = newLogWriter(log.New(writer, "[ERROR] ", flags))
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	file, line := getFileLine()
 	Error("anything")
-	assert.True(t, writer.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
+	assert.True(t, w.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
 
-	writer.Reset()
+	w.Reset()
 	file, line = getFileLine()
 	Errorf("anything %s", "format")
-	assert.True(t, writer.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
+	assert.True(t, w.Contains(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogAlert(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelAlert, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		errorLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelAlert, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Alert(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogError(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		errorLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Error(v...)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogErrorf(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		errorLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Errorf("%s", fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogErrorv(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		errorLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Errorv(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
+func TestStructedLogErrorw(t *testing.T) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
+		Errorw(fmt.Sprint(v...), Field("foo", "bar"))
+	})
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogInfo(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Info(v...)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogInfof(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Infof("%s", fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogInfov(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Infov(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
+func TestStructedLogInfow(t *testing.T) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
+		Infow(fmt.Sprint(v...), Field("foo", "bar"))
+	})
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAny(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		old := atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding)
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, plainEncodingType)
 		defer func() {
@@ -156,9 +228,11 @@ func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAny(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAnyString(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		old := atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding)
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, plainEncodingType)
 		defer func() {
@@ -170,9 +244,11 @@ func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAnyString(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAnyError(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		old := atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding)
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, plainEncodingType)
 		defer func() {
@@ -184,9 +260,11 @@ func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAnyError(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAnyStringer(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		old := atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding)
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, plainEncodingType)
 		defer func() {
@@ -200,9 +278,11 @@ func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleAnyStringer(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleText(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		infoLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLogConsole(t, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		old := atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding)
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, plainEncodingType)
 		defer func() {
@@ -214,69 +294,94 @@ func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleText(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogSlow(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		slowLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Slow(v...)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogSlowf(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		slowLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Slowf(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogSlowv(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		slowLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Slowv(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
+func TestStructedLogSloww(t *testing.T) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
+		Sloww(fmt.Sprint(v...), Field("foo", time.Second))
+	})
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogStat(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelStat, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		statLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelStat, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Stat(v...)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogStatf(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelStat, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		statLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelStat, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Statf(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogSevere(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSevere, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		severeLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSevere, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Severe(v...)
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogSeveref(t *testing.T) {
-	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSevere, func(writer io.WriteCloser) {
-		severeLog = writer
-	}, func(v ...interface{}) {
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	doTestStructedLog(t, levelSevere, w, func(v ...interface{}) {
 		Severef(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 	})
 }
 
 func TestStructedLogWithDuration(t *testing.T) {
 	const message = "hello there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	infoLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Info(message)
 	var entry logEntry
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(writer.builder.String()), &entry); err != nil {
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(w.builder.String()), &entry); err != nil {
 		t.Error(err)
 	}
 	assert.Equal(t, levelInfo, entry.Level)
@@ -287,11 +392,12 @@ func TestStructedLogWithDuration(t *testing.T) {
 func TestSetLevel(t *testing.T) {
 	SetLevel(ErrorLevel)
 	const message = "hello there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	infoLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	Info(message)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, writer.builder.Len())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
 }
 
 func TestSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t *testing.T) {
@@ -300,29 +406,35 @@ func TestSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t *testing.T) {
 		"console",
 		"volumn",
 	}
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	for _, mode := range testModes {
-		testSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t, mode)
+		testSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t, mode, w)
 	}
 }
 
 func TestSetLevelWithDuration(t *testing.T) {
 	SetLevel(ErrorLevel)
 	const message = "hello there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	infoLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	WithDuration(time.Second).Info(message)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, writer.builder.Len())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
 }
 
 func TestErrorfWithWrappedError(t *testing.T) {
 	SetLevel(ErrorLevel)
 	const message = "there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	errorLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	Errorf("hello %w", errors.New(message))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(writer.builder.String(), "hello there"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.builder.String(), "hello there"))
 }
 
 func TestMustNil(t *testing.T) {
@@ -330,6 +442,11 @@ func TestMustNil(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestSetup(t *testing.T) {
+	defer func() {
+		SetLevel(InfoLevel)
+		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, jsonEncodingType)
+	}()
+
 	MustSetup(LogConf{
 		ServiceName: "any",
 		Mode:        "console",
@@ -344,6 +461,17 @@ func TestSetup(t *testing.T) {
 		Mode:        "volume",
 		Path:        os.TempDir(),
 	})
+	MustSetup(LogConf{
+		ServiceName: "any",
+		Mode:        "console",
+		TimeFormat:  timeFormat,
+	})
+	MustSetup(LogConf{
+		ServiceName: "any",
+		Mode:        "console",
+		Encoding:    plainEncoding,
+	})
+
 	assert.NotNil(t, setupWithVolume(LogConf{}))
 	assert.NotNil(t, setupWithFiles(LogConf{}))
 	assert.Nil(t, setupWithFiles(LogConf{
@@ -364,6 +492,8 @@ func TestSetup(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := createOutput("")
 	assert.NotNil(t, err)
 	Disable()
+	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
+	atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, jsonEncodingType)
 }
 
 func TestDisable(t *testing.T) {
@@ -373,7 +503,6 @@ func TestDisable(t *testing.T) {
 	WithKeepDays(1)(&opt)
 	WithGzip()(&opt)
 	assert.Nil(t, Close())
-	writeConsole = false
 	assert.Nil(t, Close())
 }
 
@@ -381,11 +510,20 @@ func TestDisableStat(t *testing.T) {
 	DisableStat()
 
 	const message = "hello there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	statLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
 	Stat(message)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, writer.builder.Len())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
+}
+
+func TestSetWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	Reset()
+	SetWriter(nopWriter{})
+	assert.NotNil(t, writer.Load())
+	assert.True(t, writer.Load() == nopWriter{})
+	SetWriter(new(mockWriter))
+	assert.True(t, writer.Load() == nopWriter{})
 }
 
 func TestWithGzip(t *testing.T) {
@@ -487,15 +625,12 @@ func put(b []byte) {
 	}
 }
 
-func doTestStructedLog(t *testing.T, level string, setup func(writer io.WriteCloser),
-	write func(...interface{})) {
+func doTestStructedLog(t *testing.T, level string, w *mockWriter, write func(...interface{})) {
 	const message = "hello there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	setup(writer)
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
 	write(message)
+	fmt.Println(w.String())
 	var entry logEntry
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(writer.builder.String()), &entry); err != nil {
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(w.String()), &entry); err != nil {
 		t.Error(err)
 	}
 	assert.Equal(t, level, entry.Level)
@@ -504,18 +639,14 @@ func doTestStructedLog(t *testing.T, level string, setup func(writer io.WriteClo
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(val, message))
 }
 
-func doTestStructedLogConsole(t *testing.T, setup func(writer io.WriteCloser),
-	write func(...interface{})) {
+func doTestStructedLogConsole(t *testing.T, w *mockWriter, write func(...interface{})) {
 	const message = "hello there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	setup(writer)
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
 	write(message)
-	println(writer.String())
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(writer.String(), message))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), message))
 }
 
-func testSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t *testing.T, mode string) {
+func testSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t *testing.T, mode string, w *mockWriter) {
+	writer.Store(nil)
 	SetUp(LogConf{
 		Mode:  mode,
 		Level: "error",
@@ -527,17 +658,14 @@ func testSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t *testing.T, mode string) {
 		Path:  "/dev/null",
 	})
 	const message = "hello there"
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	infoLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
 	Info(message)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, writer.builder.Len())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
 	Infof(message)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, writer.builder.Len())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
 	ErrorStack(message)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, writer.builder.Len())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
 	ErrorStackf(message)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, writer.builder.Len())
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
 }
 
 type ValStringer struct {
diff --git a/core/logx/logwriter.go b/core/logx/logwriter.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2f9cafd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/logx/logwriter.go
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package logx
+
+import "log"
+
+type logWriter struct {
+	logger *log.Logger
+}
+
+func newLogWriter(logger *log.Logger) logWriter {
+	return logWriter{
+		logger: logger,
+	}
+}
+
+func (lw logWriter) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (lw logWriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
+	lw.logger.Print(string(data))
+	return len(data), nil
+}
diff --git a/core/logx/rotatelogger_test.go b/core/logx/rotatelogger_test.go
index b09d148f..5bb1d58f 100644
--- a/core/logx/rotatelogger_test.go
+++ b/core/logx/rotatelogger_test.go
@@ -120,7 +120,14 @@ func TestRotateLoggerWrite(t *testing.T) {
 			os.Remove(filepath.Base(logger.getBackupFilename()) + ".gz")
 		}()
 	}
+	// the following write calls cannot be changed to Write, because of DATA RACE.
 	logger.write([]byte(`foo`))
 	rule.rotatedTime = time.Now().Add(-time.Hour * 24).Format(dateFormat)
 	logger.write([]byte(`bar`))
+	logger.Close()
+	logger.write([]byte(`baz`))
+}
+
+func TestLogWriterClose(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.Nil(t, newLogWriter(nil).Close())
 }
diff --git a/core/logx/syslog_test.go b/core/logx/syslog_test.go
index d2a4fd29..780f346d 100644
--- a/core/logx/syslog_test.go
+++ b/core/logx/syslog_test.go
@@ -29,16 +29,16 @@ func TestRedirector(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func captureOutput(f func()) string {
-	writer := new(mockWriter)
-	infoLog = writer
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
 
 	prevLevel := atomic.LoadUint32(&logLevel)
 	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
 	f()
 	SetLevel(prevLevel)
 
-	return writer.builder.String()
+	return w.builder.String()
 }
 
 func getContent(jsonStr string) string {
diff --git a/core/logx/tracelogger.go b/core/logx/tracelogger.go
index 647f3dff..896bf21d 100644
--- a/core/logx/tracelogger.go
+++ b/core/logx/tracelogger.go
@@ -3,73 +3,79 @@ package logx
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/timex"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
 )
 
+// WithContext sets ctx to log, for keeping tracing information.
+func WithContext(ctx context.Context) Logger {
+	return &traceLogger{
+		ctx: ctx,
+	}
+}
+
 type traceLogger struct {
 	logEntry
-	Trace string `json:"trace,omitempty"`
-	Span  string `json:"span,omitempty"`
-	ctx   context.Context
+	ctx context.Context
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Error(v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(errorLog, levelError, formatWithCaller(fmt.Sprint(v...), durationCallerDepth))
-	}
+	l.err(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Errorf(format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(errorLog, levelError, formatWithCaller(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...), durationCallerDepth))
-	}
+	l.err(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Errorv(v interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(errorLog, levelError, v)
-	}
+	l.err(fmt.Sprint(v))
+}
+
+func (l *traceLogger) Errorw(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	l.err(msg, fields...)
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Info(v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		l.write(infoLog, levelInfo, fmt.Sprint(v...))
-	}
+	l.info(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Infof(format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		l.write(infoLog, levelInfo, fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
-	}
+	l.info(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Infov(v interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
-		l.write(infoLog, levelInfo, v)
-	}
+	l.info(v)
+}
+
+func (l *traceLogger) Infow(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	l.info(msg, fields...)
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Slow(v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(slowLog, levelSlow, fmt.Sprint(v...))
-	}
+	l.slow(fmt.Sprint(v...))
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Slowf(format string, v ...interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(slowLog, levelSlow, fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
-	}
+	l.slow(fmt.Sprintf(format, v...))
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) Slowv(v interface{}) {
-	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
-		l.write(slowLog, levelSlow, v)
+	l.slow(v)
+}
+
+func (l *traceLogger) Sloww(msg string, fields ...LogField) {
+	l.slow(msg, fields...)
+}
+
+func (l *traceLogger) WithContext(ctx context.Context) Logger {
+	if ctx == nil {
+		return l
 	}
+
+	l.ctx = ctx
+	return l
 }
 
 func (l *traceLogger) WithDuration(duration time.Duration) Logger {
@@ -77,31 +83,37 @@ func (l *traceLogger) WithDuration(duration time.Duration) Logger {
 	return l
 }
 
-func (l *traceLogger) write(writer io.Writer, level string, val interface{}) {
+func (l *traceLogger) buildFields(fields ...LogField) []LogField {
+	if len(l.Duration) > 0 {
+		fields = append(fields, Field(durationKey, l.Duration))
+	}
 	traceID := traceIdFromContext(l.ctx)
+	if len(traceID) > 0 {
+		fields = append(fields, Field(traceKey, traceID))
+	}
 	spanID := spanIdFromContext(l.ctx)
+	if len(spanID) > 0 {
+		fields = append(fields, Field(spanKey, spanID))
+	}
 
-	switch atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding) {
-	case plainEncodingType:
-		writePlainAny(writer, level, val, l.Duration, traceID, spanID)
-	default:
-		outputJson(writer, &traceLogger{
-			logEntry: logEntry{
-				Timestamp: getTimestamp(),
-				Level:     level,
-				Duration:  l.Duration,
-				Content:   val,
-			},
-			Trace: traceID,
-			Span:  spanID,
-		})
+	return fields
+}
+
+func (l *traceLogger) err(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		getWriter().Error(v, l.buildFields(fields...)...)
 	}
 }
 
-// WithContext sets ctx to log, for keeping tracing information.
-func WithContext(ctx context.Context) Logger {
-	return &traceLogger{
-		ctx: ctx,
+func (l *traceLogger) info(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
+		getWriter().Info(v, l.buildFields(fields...)...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *traceLogger) slow(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		getWriter().Slow(v, l.buildFields(fields...)...)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/core/logx/tracelogger_test.go b/core/logx/tracelogger_test.go
index 3fa4d2ed..5a141493 100644
--- a/core/logx/tracelogger_test.go
+++ b/core/logx/tracelogger_test.go
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ package logx
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"log"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
@@ -13,73 +14,79 @@ import (
 	sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
 )
 
-const (
-	traceKey = "trace"
-	spanKey  = "span"
-)
-
 func TestTraceLog(t *testing.T) {
-	var buf mockWriter
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
+	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	otp := otel.GetTracerProvider()
 	tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(sdktrace.WithSampler(sdktrace.AlwaysSample()))
 	otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
 	defer otel.SetTracerProvider(otp)
 
 	ctx, _ := tp.Tracer("foo").Start(context.Background(), "bar")
-	WithContext(ctx).(*traceLogger).write(&buf, levelInfo, testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
+	WithContext(ctx).Info(testlog)
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 }
 
 func TestTraceError(t *testing.T) {
-	var buf mockWriter
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-	errorLog = newLogWriter(log.New(&buf, "", flags))
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
 	otp := otel.GetTracerProvider()
 	tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(sdktrace.WithSampler(sdktrace.AlwaysSample()))
 	otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
 	defer otel.SetTracerProvider(otp)
 
+	l := WithContext(context.Background())
 	ctx, _ := tp.Tracer("foo").Start(context.Background(), "bar")
-	l := WithContext(ctx).(*traceLogger)
+	var nilCtx context.Context
+	l = l.WithContext(nilCtx)
+	l = l.WithContext(ctx)
 	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Error(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
-	buf.Reset()
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Errorf(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
-	buf.Reset()
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Errorv(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
+	fmt.Println(w.String())
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
+	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Errorw(testlog, Field("foo", "bar"))
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "foo"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "bar"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestTraceInfo(t *testing.T) {
-	var buf mockWriter
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-	infoLog = newLogWriter(log.New(&buf, "", flags))
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	otp := otel.GetTracerProvider()
 	tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(sdktrace.WithSampler(sdktrace.AlwaysSample()))
 	otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
 	defer otel.SetTracerProvider(otp)
 
 	ctx, _ := tp.Tracer("foo").Start(context.Background(), "bar")
-	l := WithContext(ctx).(*traceLogger)
+	l := WithContext(ctx)
 	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Info(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
-	buf.Reset()
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infof(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
-	buf.Reset()
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infov(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
+	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infow(testlog, Field("foo", "bar"))
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "foo"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "bar"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestTraceInfoConsole(t *testing.T) {
@@ -89,66 +96,80 @@ func TestTraceInfoConsole(t *testing.T) {
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, old)
 	}()
 
-	var buf mockWriter
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-	infoLog = newLogWriter(log.New(&buf, "", flags))
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	o := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(o)
+
 	otp := otel.GetTracerProvider()
 	tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(sdktrace.WithSampler(sdktrace.AlwaysSample()))
 	otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
 	defer otel.SetTracerProvider(otp)
 
 	ctx, _ := tp.Tracer("foo").Start(context.Background(), "bar")
-	l := WithContext(ctx).(*traceLogger)
+	l := WithContext(ctx)
 	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Info(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceIdFromContext(ctx)))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanIdFromContext(ctx)))
-	buf.Reset()
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infof(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceIdFromContext(ctx)))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanIdFromContext(ctx)))
-	buf.Reset()
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infov(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceIdFromContext(ctx)))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanIdFromContext(ctx)))
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 }
 
 func TestTraceSlow(t *testing.T) {
-	var buf mockWriter
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-	slowLog = newLogWriter(log.New(&buf, "", flags))
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
 	otp := otel.GetTracerProvider()
 	tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(sdktrace.WithSampler(sdktrace.AlwaysSample()))
 	otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
 	defer otel.SetTracerProvider(otp)
 
 	ctx, _ := tp.Tracer("foo").Start(context.Background(), "bar")
-	l := WithContext(ctx).(*traceLogger)
+	l := WithContext(ctx)
 	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Slow(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
-	buf.Reset()
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), traceKey))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), spanKey))
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Slowf(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
-	buf.Reset()
+	fmt.Println("buf:", w.String())
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Slowv(testlog)
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
+	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Sloww(testlog, Field("foo", "bar"))
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "foo"), w.String())
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "bar"), w.String())
 }
 
 func TestTraceWithoutContext(t *testing.T) {
-	var buf mockWriter
-	atomic.StoreUint32(&initialized, 1)
-	infoLog = newLogWriter(log.New(&buf, "", flags))
-	l := WithContext(context.Background()).(*traceLogger)
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	old := writer.Swap(w)
+	defer writer.Store(old)
+
+	l := WithContext(context.Background())
 	SetLevel(InfoLevel)
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Info(testlog)
-	assert.False(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.False(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
-	buf.Reset()
+	validate(t, w.String(), false, false)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infof(testlog)
-	assert.False(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), traceKey))
-	assert.False(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), spanKey))
+	validate(t, w.String(), false, false)
+}
+
+func validate(t *testing.T, body string, expectedTrace, expectedSpan bool) {
+	var val mockValue
+	assert.Nil(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(body), &val))
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedTrace, len(val.Trace) > 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedSpan, len(val.Span) > 0)
+}
+
+type mockValue struct {
+	Trace string `json:"trace"`
+	Span  string `json:"span"`
 }
diff --git a/core/logx/util.go b/core/logx/util.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0adc5a38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/logx/util.go
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package logx
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/timex"
+)
+
+func getCaller(callDepth int) string {
+	_, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(callDepth)
+	if !ok {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	return prettyCaller(file, line)
+}
+
+func getTimestamp() string {
+	return timex.Time().Format(timeFormat)
+}
+
+func prettyCaller(file string, line int) string {
+	idx := strings.LastIndexByte(file, '/')
+	if idx < 0 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line)
+	}
+
+	idx = strings.LastIndexByte(file[:idx], '/')
+	if idx < 0 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line)
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file[idx+1:], line)
+}
diff --git a/core/logx/util_test.go b/core/logx/util_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eef3a40d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/logx/util_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package logx
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestGetCaller(t *testing.T) {
+	_, file, _, _ := runtime.Caller(0)
+	assert.Contains(t, getCaller(1), filepath.Base(file))
+	assert.True(t, len(getCaller(1<<10)) == 0)
+}
+
+func TestGetTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := getTimestamp()
+	tm, err := time.Parse(timeFormat, ts)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, time.Since(tm) < time.Minute)
+}
+
+func TestPrettyCaller(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		file string
+		line int
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "regular",
+			file: "logx_test.go",
+			line: 123,
+			want: "logx_test.go:123",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "relative",
+			file: "adhoc/logx_test.go",
+			line: 123,
+			want: "adhoc/logx_test.go:123",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "long path",
+			file: "github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx/util_test.go",
+			line: 12,
+			want: "logx/util_test.go:12",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "local path",
+			file: "/Users/kevin/go-zero/core/logx/util_test.go",
+			line: 1234,
+			want: "logx/util_test.go:1234",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		test := test
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, test.want, prettyCaller(test.file, test.line))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkGetCaller(b *testing.B) {
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		getCaller(1)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/core/logx/vars.go b/core/logx/vars.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4229556c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/logx/vars.go
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package logx
+
+import "errors"
+
+const (
+	// InfoLevel logs everything
+	InfoLevel uint32 = iota
+	// ErrorLevel includes errors, slows, stacks
+	ErrorLevel
+	// SevereLevel only log severe messages
+	SevereLevel
+)
+
+const (
+	jsonEncodingType = iota
+	plainEncodingType
+
+	jsonEncoding     = "json"
+	plainEncoding    = "plain"
+	plainEncodingSep = '\t'
+)
+
+const (
+	accessFilename = "access.log"
+	errorFilename  = "error.log"
+	severeFilename = "severe.log"
+	slowFilename   = "slow.log"
+	statFilename   = "stat.log"
+
+	consoleMode = "console"
+	volumeMode  = "volume"
+
+	levelAlert  = "alert"
+	levelInfo   = "info"
+	levelError  = "error"
+	levelSevere = "severe"
+	levelFatal  = "fatal"
+	levelSlow   = "slow"
+	levelStat   = "stat"
+
+	backupFileDelimiter = "-"
+	flags               = 0x0
+)
+
+const (
+	callerKey    = "caller"
+	contentKey   = "content"
+	durationKey  = "duration"
+	levelKey     = "level"
+	spanKey      = "span"
+	timestampKey = "@timestamp"
+	traceKey     = "trace"
+)
+
+var (
+	// ErrLogPathNotSet is an error that indicates the log path is not set.
+	ErrLogPathNotSet = errors.New("log path must be set")
+	// ErrLogServiceNameNotSet is an error that indicates that the service name is not set.
+	ErrLogServiceNameNotSet = errors.New("log service name must be set")
+)
diff --git a/core/logx/writer.go b/core/logx/writer.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..75f8b4af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/logx/writer.go
@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+package logx
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+)
+
+type (
+	Writer interface {
+		Alert(v interface{})
+		Close() error
+		Error(v interface{}, fields ...LogField)
+		Info(v interface{}, fields ...LogField)
+		Severe(v interface{})
+		Slow(v interface{}, fields ...LogField)
+		Stack(v interface{})
+		Stat(v interface{}, fields ...LogField)
+	}
+
+	atomicWriter struct {
+		writer Writer
+		lock   sync.RWMutex
+	}
+
+	concreteWriter struct {
+		infoLog   io.WriteCloser
+		errorLog  io.WriteCloser
+		severeLog io.WriteCloser
+		slowLog   io.WriteCloser
+		statLog   io.WriteCloser
+		stackLog  io.Writer
+	}
+)
+
+// NewWriter creates a new Writer with the given io.Writer.
+func NewWriter(w io.Writer) Writer {
+	lw := newLogWriter(log.New(w, "", flags))
+
+	return &concreteWriter{
+		infoLog:   lw,
+		errorLog:  lw,
+		severeLog: lw,
+		slowLog:   lw,
+		statLog:   lw,
+		stackLog:  lw,
+	}
+}
+
+func (w *atomicWriter) Load() Writer {
+	w.lock.RLock()
+	defer w.lock.RUnlock()
+	return w.writer
+}
+
+func (w *atomicWriter) Store(v Writer) {
+	w.lock.Lock()
+	w.writer = v
+	w.lock.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (w *atomicWriter) Swap(v Writer) Writer {
+	w.lock.Lock()
+	old := w.writer
+	w.writer = v
+	w.lock.Unlock()
+	return old
+}
+
+func newConsoleWriter() Writer {
+	outLog := newLogWriter(log.New(os.Stdout, "", flags))
+	errLog := newLogWriter(log.New(os.Stderr, "", flags))
+	return &concreteWriter{
+		infoLog:   outLog,
+		errorLog:  errLog,
+		severeLog: errLog,
+		slowLog:   errLog,
+		stackLog:  newLessWriter(errLog, options.logStackCooldownMills),
+		statLog:   outLog,
+	}
+}
+
+func newFileWriter(c LogConf) (Writer, error) {
+	var err error
+	var opts []LogOption
+	var infoLog io.WriteCloser
+	var errorLog io.WriteCloser
+	var severeLog io.WriteCloser
+	var slowLog io.WriteCloser
+	var statLog io.WriteCloser
+	var stackLog io.Writer
+
+	if len(c.Path) == 0 {
+		return nil, ErrLogPathNotSet
+	}
+
+	opts = append(opts, WithCooldownMillis(c.StackCooldownMillis))
+	if c.Compress {
+		opts = append(opts, WithGzip())
+	}
+	if c.KeepDays > 0 {
+		opts = append(opts, WithKeepDays(c.KeepDays))
+	}
+
+	accessFile := path.Join(c.Path, accessFilename)
+	errorFile := path.Join(c.Path, errorFilename)
+	severeFile := path.Join(c.Path, severeFilename)
+	slowFile := path.Join(c.Path, slowFilename)
+	statFile := path.Join(c.Path, statFilename)
+
+	handleOptions(opts)
+	setupLogLevel(c)
+
+	if infoLog, err = createOutput(accessFile); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if errorLog, err = createOutput(errorFile); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if severeLog, err = createOutput(severeFile); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if slowLog, err = createOutput(slowFile); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if statLog, err = createOutput(statFile); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	stackLog = newLessWriter(errorLog, options.logStackCooldownMills)
+
+	return &concreteWriter{
+		infoLog:   infoLog,
+		errorLog:  errorLog,
+		severeLog: severeLog,
+		slowLog:   slowLog,
+		statLog:   statLog,
+		stackLog:  stackLog,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Alert(v interface{}) {
+	output(w.errorLog, levelAlert, v)
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Close() error {
+	if err := w.infoLog.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := w.errorLog.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := w.severeLog.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := w.slowLog.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return w.statLog.Close()
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Error(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	output(w.errorLog, levelError, v, fields...)
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Info(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	output(w.infoLog, levelInfo, v, fields...)
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Severe(v interface{}) {
+	output(w.severeLog, levelFatal, v)
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Slow(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	output(w.slowLog, levelSlow, v, fields...)
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Stack(v interface{}) {
+	output(w.stackLog, levelError, v)
+}
+
+func (w *concreteWriter) Stat(v interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	output(w.statLog, levelStat, v, fields...)
+}
+
+type nopWriter struct{}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Alert(_ interface{}) {
+}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Error(_ interface{}, _ ...LogField) {
+}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Info(_ interface{}, _ ...LogField) {
+}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Severe(_ interface{}) {
+}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Slow(_ interface{}, _ ...LogField) {
+}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Stack(_ interface{}) {
+}
+
+func (n nopWriter) Stat(_ interface{}, _ ...LogField) {
+}
+
+func buildFields(fields ...LogField) []string {
+	var items []string
+
+	for _, field := range fields {
+		items = append(items, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%v", field.Key, field.Value))
+	}
+
+	return items
+}
+
+func output(writer io.Writer, level string, val interface{}, fields ...LogField) {
+	fields = append(fields, Field(callerKey, getCaller(callerDepth)))
+
+	switch atomic.LoadUint32(&encoding) {
+	case plainEncodingType:
+		writePlainAny(writer, level, val, buildFields(fields...)...)
+	default:
+		entry := make(logEntryWithFields)
+		for _, field := range fields {
+			entry[field.Key] = field.Value
+		}
+		entry[timestampKey] = getTimestamp()
+		entry[levelKey] = level
+		entry[contentKey] = val
+		writeJson(writer, entry)
+	}
+}
+
+func writeJson(writer io.Writer, info interface{}) {
+	if content, err := json.Marshal(info); err != nil {
+		log.Println(err.Error())
+	} else if writer == nil {
+		log.Println(string(content))
+	} else {
+		writer.Write(append(content, '\n'))
+	}
+}
+
+func writePlainAny(writer io.Writer, level string, val interface{}, fields ...string) {
+	switch v := val.(type) {
+	case string:
+		writePlainText(writer, level, v, fields...)
+	case error:
+		writePlainText(writer, level, v.Error(), fields...)
+	case fmt.Stringer:
+		writePlainText(writer, level, v.String(), fields...)
+	default:
+		var buf strings.Builder
+		buf.WriteString(getTimestamp())
+		buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
+		buf.WriteString(level)
+		buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
+		if err := json.NewEncoder(&buf).Encode(val); err != nil {
+			log.Println(err.Error())
+			return
+		}
+
+		for _, item := range fields {
+			buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
+			buf.WriteString(item)
+		}
+		buf.WriteByte('\n')
+		if writer == nil {
+			log.Println(buf.String())
+			return
+		}
+
+		if _, err := fmt.Fprint(writer, buf.String()); err != nil {
+			log.Println(err.Error())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func writePlainText(writer io.Writer, level, msg string, fields ...string) {
+	var buf strings.Builder
+	buf.WriteString(getTimestamp())
+	buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
+	buf.WriteString(level)
+	buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
+	buf.WriteString(msg)
+	for _, item := range fields {
+		buf.WriteByte(plainEncodingSep)
+		buf.WriteString(item)
+	}
+	buf.WriteByte('\n')
+	if writer == nil {
+		log.Println(buf.String())
+		return
+	}
+
+	if _, err := fmt.Fprint(writer, buf.String()); err != nil {
+		log.Println(err.Error())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/core/logx/writer_test.go b/core/logx/writer_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d96808c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/logx/writer_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+package logx
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"log"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestNewWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	const literal = "foo bar"
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	w := NewWriter(&buf)
+	w.Info(literal)
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), literal)
+}
+
+func TestConsoleWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	w := newConsoleWriter()
+	lw := newLogWriter(log.New(&buf, "", 0))
+	w.(*concreteWriter).errorLog = lw
+	w.Alert("foo bar 1")
+	var val mockedEntry
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &val); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, levelAlert, val.Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo bar 1", val.Content)
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	w.(*concreteWriter).errorLog = lw
+	w.Error("foo bar 2")
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &val); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, levelError, val.Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo bar 2", val.Content)
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	w.(*concreteWriter).infoLog = lw
+	w.Info("foo bar 3")
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &val); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, levelInfo, val.Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo bar 3", val.Content)
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	w.(*concreteWriter).severeLog = lw
+	w.Severe("foo bar 4")
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &val); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, levelFatal, val.Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo bar 4", val.Content)
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	w.(*concreteWriter).slowLog = lw
+	w.Slow("foo bar 5")
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &val); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, levelSlow, val.Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo bar 5", val.Content)
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	w.(*concreteWriter).statLog = lw
+	w.Stat("foo bar 6")
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(buf.Bytes(), &val); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, levelStat, val.Level)
+	assert.Equal(t, "foo bar 6", val.Content)
+
+	w.(*concreteWriter).infoLog = hardToCloseWriter{}
+	assert.NotNil(t, w.Close())
+	w.(*concreteWriter).infoLog = easyToCloseWriter{}
+	w.(*concreteWriter).errorLog = hardToCloseWriter{}
+	assert.NotNil(t, w.Close())
+	w.(*concreteWriter).errorLog = easyToCloseWriter{}
+	w.(*concreteWriter).severeLog = hardToCloseWriter{}
+	assert.NotNil(t, w.Close())
+	w.(*concreteWriter).severeLog = easyToCloseWriter{}
+	w.(*concreteWriter).slowLog = hardToCloseWriter{}
+	assert.NotNil(t, w.Close())
+	w.(*concreteWriter).slowLog = easyToCloseWriter{}
+	w.(*concreteWriter).statLog = hardToCloseWriter{}
+	assert.NotNil(t, w.Close())
+	w.(*concreteWriter).statLog = easyToCloseWriter{}
+}
+
+func TestNopWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		var w nopWriter
+		w.Alert("foo")
+		w.Error("foo")
+		w.Info("foo")
+		w.Severe("foo")
+		w.Stack("foo")
+		w.Stat("foo")
+		w.Slow("foo")
+		w.Close()
+	})
+}
+
+func TestWriteJson(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	log.SetOutput(&buf)
+	writeJson(nil, "foo")
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "foo")
+	buf.Reset()
+	writeJson(nil, make(chan int))
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "unsupported type")
+}
+
+func TestWritePlainAny(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	log.SetOutput(&buf)
+	writePlainAny(nil, levelInfo, "foo")
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "foo")
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	writePlainAny(nil, levelInfo, make(chan int))
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "unsupported type")
+	writePlainAny(nil, levelInfo, 100)
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "100")
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	writePlainAny(hardToWriteWriter{}, levelInfo, 100)
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "write error")
+
+	buf.Reset()
+	writePlainAny(hardToWriteWriter{}, levelInfo, "foo")
+	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "write error")
+}
+
+type mockedEntry struct {
+	Level   string `json:"level"`
+	Content string `json:"content"`
+}
+
+type easyToCloseWriter struct{}
+
+func (h easyToCloseWriter) Write(_ []byte) (_ int, _ error) {
+	return
+}
+
+func (h easyToCloseWriter) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+type hardToCloseWriter struct{}
+
+func (h hardToCloseWriter) Write(_ []byte) (_ int, _ error) {
+	return
+}
+
+func (h hardToCloseWriter) Close() error {
+	return errors.New("close error")
+}
+
+type hardToWriteWriter struct{}
+
+func (h hardToWriteWriter) Write(_ []byte) (_ int, _ error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("write error")
+}
diff --git a/core/proc/goroutines_test.go b/core/proc/goroutines_test.go
index 4a4685d8..9464fba9 100644
--- a/core/proc/goroutines_test.go
+++ b/core/proc/goroutines_test.go
@@ -1,16 +1,23 @@
 package proc
 
 import (
-	"log"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 )
 
 func TestDumpGoroutines(t *testing.T) {
 	var buf strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&buf)
+	w := logx.NewWriter(&buf)
+	o := logx.Reset()
+	logx.SetWriter(w)
+	defer func() {
+		logx.Reset()
+		logx.SetWriter(o)
+	}()
+
 	dumpGoroutines()
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), ".dump"))
 }
diff --git a/core/proc/profile_test.go b/core/proc/profile_test.go
index a5353a59..eb89ceee 100644
--- a/core/proc/profile_test.go
+++ b/core/proc/profile_test.go
@@ -1,16 +1,24 @@
 package proc
 
 import (
-	"log"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 )
 
 func TestProfile(t *testing.T) {
 	var buf strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&buf)
+	w := logx.NewWriter(&buf)
+	o := logx.Reset()
+	logx.SetWriter(w)
+
+	defer func() {
+		logx.Reset()
+		logx.SetWriter(o)
+	}()
+
 	profiler := StartProfile()
 	// start again should not work
 	assert.NotNil(t, StartProfile())
diff --git a/core/stores/redis/hook_test.go b/core/stores/redis/hook_test.go
index 696b7d7a..2c634f61 100644
--- a/core/stores/redis/hook_test.go
+++ b/core/stores/redis/hook_test.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	red "github.com/go-redis/redis/v8"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 	ztrace "github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/trace"
 	tracesdk "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
 )
@@ -44,10 +45,8 @@ func TestHookProcessCase2(t *testing.T) {
 		Sampler:  1.0,
 	})
 
-	writer := log.Writer()
-	var buf strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&buf)
-	defer log.SetOutput(writer)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
 
 	ctx, err := durationHook.BeforeProcess(context.Background(), nil)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -58,9 +57,9 @@ func TestHookProcessCase2(t *testing.T) {
 	time.Sleep(slowThreshold.Load() + time.Millisecond)
 
 	assert.Nil(t, durationHook.AfterProcess(ctx, red.NewCmd(context.Background(), "foo", "bar")))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), "slow"))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), "trace"))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), "span"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "slow"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "trace"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "span"))
 }
 
 func TestHookProcessCase3(t *testing.T) {
@@ -110,10 +109,8 @@ func TestHookProcessPipelineCase2(t *testing.T) {
 		Sampler:  1.0,
 	})
 
-	writer := log.Writer()
-	var buf strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&buf)
-	defer log.SetOutput(writer)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
 
 	ctx, err := durationHook.BeforeProcessPipeline(context.Background(), nil)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -126,34 +123,30 @@ func TestHookProcessPipelineCase2(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Nil(t, durationHook.AfterProcessPipeline(ctx, []red.Cmder{
 		red.NewCmd(context.Background(), "foo", "bar"),
 	}))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), "slow"))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), "trace"))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), "span"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "slow"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "trace"))
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), "span"))
 }
 
 func TestHookProcessPipelineCase3(t *testing.T) {
-	writer := log.Writer()
-	var buf strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&buf)
-	defer log.SetOutput(writer)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
 
 	assert.Nil(t, durationHook.AfterProcessPipeline(context.Background(), []red.Cmder{
 		red.NewCmd(context.Background()),
 	}))
-	assert.True(t, buf.Len() == 0)
+	assert.True(t, len(w.String()) == 0)
 }
 
 func TestHookProcessPipelineCase4(t *testing.T) {
-	writer := log.Writer()
-	var buf strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&buf)
-	defer log.SetOutput(writer)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
 
 	ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), startTimeKey, "foo")
 	assert.Nil(t, durationHook.AfterProcessPipeline(ctx, []red.Cmder{
 		red.NewCmd(context.Background()),
 	}))
-	assert.True(t, buf.Len() == 0)
+	assert.True(t, len(w.String()) == 0)
 }
 
 func TestHookProcessPipelineCase5(t *testing.T) {
@@ -166,3 +159,15 @@ func TestHookProcessPipelineCase5(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Nil(t, durationHook.AfterProcessPipeline(ctx, nil))
 	assert.True(t, buf.Len() == 0)
 }
+
+func injectLog() (r *strings.Builder, restore func()) {
+	var buf strings.Builder
+	w := logx.NewWriter(&buf)
+	o := logx.Reset()
+	logx.SetWriter(w)
+
+	return &buf, func() {
+		logx.Reset()
+		logx.SetWriter(o)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/rest/internal/log_test.go b/rest/internal/log_test.go
index 03a9ee2f..9344dc51 100644
--- a/rest/internal/log_test.go
+++ b/rest/internal/log_test.go
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ package internal
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"log"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 )
 
 func TestInfo(t *testing.T) {
@@ -25,16 +25,23 @@ func TestInfo(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestError(t *testing.T) {
-	var writer strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&writer)
+	var buf strings.Builder
+	w := logx.NewWriter(&buf)
+	o := logx.Reset()
+	logx.SetWriter(w)
+
+	defer func() {
+		logx.Reset()
+		logx.SetWriter(o)
+	}()
+
 	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "http://localhost", nil)
 	Error(req, "first")
 	Errorf(req, "second %s", "third")
-	val := writer.String()
+	val := buf.String()
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(val, "first"))
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(val, "second"))
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(val, "third"))
-	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(val, "\n"))
 }
 
 func TestContextKey_String(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/zrpc/internal/rpclogger_test.go b/zrpc/internal/rpclogger_test.go
index ac87f53d..1c504343 100644
--- a/zrpc/internal/rpclogger_test.go
+++ b/zrpc/internal/rpclogger_test.go
@@ -1,109 +1,121 @@
 package internal
 
 import (
-	"log"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 )
 
 const content = "foo"
 
 func TestLoggerError(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Error(content)
-	assert.Contains(t, builder.String(), content)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.String(), content)
 }
 
 func TestLoggerErrorf(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Errorf(content)
-	assert.Contains(t, builder.String(), content)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.String(), content)
 }
 
 func TestLoggerErrorln(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Errorln(content)
-	assert.Contains(t, builder.String(), content)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.String(), content)
 }
 
 func TestLoggerFatal(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Fatal(content)
-	assert.Contains(t, builder.String(), content)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.String(), content)
 }
 
 func TestLoggerFatalf(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Fatalf(content)
-	assert.Contains(t, builder.String(), content)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.String(), content)
 }
 
 func TestLoggerFatalln(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Fatalln(content)
-	assert.Contains(t, builder.String(), content)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.String(), content)
 }
 
 func TestLoggerInfo(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Info(content)
-	assert.Empty(t, builder.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.String())
 }
 
 func TestLoggerInfof(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Infof(content)
-	assert.Empty(t, builder.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.String())
 }
 
 func TestLoggerWarning(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Warning(content)
-	assert.Empty(t, builder.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.String())
 }
 
 func TestLoggerInfoln(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Infoln(content)
-	assert.Empty(t, builder.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.String())
 }
 
 func TestLoggerWarningf(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Warningf(content)
-	assert.Empty(t, builder.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.String())
 }
 
 func TestLoggerWarningln(t *testing.T) {
-	var builder strings.Builder
-	log.SetOutput(&builder)
+	w, restore := injectLog()
+	defer restore()
+
 	logger := new(Logger)
 	logger.Warningln(content)
-	assert.Empty(t, builder.String())
+	assert.Empty(t, w.String())
 }
 
 func TestLogger_V(t *testing.T) {
@@ -113,3 +125,15 @@ func TestLogger_V(t *testing.T) {
 	// grpclog.infoLog
 	assert.False(t, logger.V(0))
 }
+
+func injectLog() (r *strings.Builder, restore func()) {
+	var buf strings.Builder
+	w := logx.NewWriter(&buf)
+	o := logx.Reset()
+	logx.SetWriter(w)
+
+	return &buf, func() {
+		logx.Reset()
+		logx.SetWriter(o)
+	}
+}